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Use of Formulaic Language in the Odyssey

Because the Odyssey  was written circa. 800 B.C.E, it obviously wasn't meant to be read by a bunch of high-schoolers at a Montessori school in 2016 Houston, Texas. It, gathered from research by linguists, archaeologists, and historians, was almost certainly meant to be performed. I don't think anybody has mentioned that only the major or supporting characters in the Odyssey are given epithets (ie. "Owl-eyed Athena, godly Nestor, Red-haired Menelaus "), and there is quite a lot of supporting characters for a relatively short epic compared to the length of fantasy & epic literature today. Because of this, these epithets were not only used for rhythm and splendor when performing. In fact, some were likely put there to remind the audience members of characters that haven't been seen in a while. However, for the characters like Zeus, Poseidon, and Athena who appear often, the performance explanation seems to be the greatest. However, another possible reason is ...

What are Likely the Main Themes in The Odyssey?

The first and last lines of the poem, "speak memory" and "tell the tale once more in our time" seem to suggest that this story will last for generations, and that it is hidden in the memories of every soul who reads the text (this statement certainly seems true, as it is one of the most acclaimed stories ever, even after two millenia). At the very beginning, Homer (presumably) lets you know that this is a tale of "the cunning hero, the wanderer, blown off course time and again after he plundered Troy's sacred heights" suggesting a very unforgettable, epic feel. However, the text of the poem also seems to suggest a theme of overcoming adversity. From the very beginning, we are introduced to several suitors, men who are vying for Odysseus' wife Penelope's hand in marriage. Throughout the text, these suitors persistently attempt to steer Odysseus away from his goal, including even attempting to ambush and kill his son, Telemachus. But that's...

How is Education Related to Human Freedom?

Before we can begin answering this question, we have to first understand what education actually means and the significance of it. Education, in its barest definition, is the acquisition of knowledge through external means (such as a teacher) or internal means, as through yourself. Because of this, I would argue that everybody possesses the right to education through internal means, but the way to gain ultimate knowledge, many people would say (and I agree) is through someone who has had more experiences than you have as well as the way of gaining experiences through yourself. Needless to say, Douglass was denied of this facet of education. He certainly gained education through anyway he could, including teachers, without the knowledge of his master(s). But I feel like, in a way, Douglass was more free than all of us. His lack of that taught him personal skills that made him strong enough to stand up to many challenges, most that we couldn't even think of enduring.

How Were Frederick Douglass's Human Rights Violated?

A human right is any such right that is guaranteed to each and every human regardless of creed, class, color, race, gender, or sexuality upon birth. However, to say that because every human is guaranteed these rights that these rights are untouched is a falsity. Today, human rights are constantly violated every day, and it was no different in Douglass's time. In Chapter 10, on page 35 of the novel, Douglass describes how we was sent by his then-master, Mr. Covey, to gather a load of wood using a wooden cart and two oxen. Covey tells Douglass to hold on tight when the oxen begin running. In no fault of his own, Douglass is dragged at an immense speed by the oxen, who crash the cart into rocks and trees. When Mr. Covey learns of this, Douglass is then brutally whipped, even though he had no prior experience with oxen and this particular exercise. Beyond slavery itself violating an essential human right, Douglass describes the numerous times when he is beaten, occasionally to life-t...

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: Why Were Slaves Separated from their Families?

Frederick Douglass, as mentioned at the very beginning of Chapter I, was separated from his mother at a very young age. In fact, really the only thing he remembers of her is the fact that she talked to him at nights when he was a very young boy - but when he woke up in the morning, she was gone. Unfortunately, such an event was not uncommon with slaves. Because slaves were treated as property rather than people, slave families were often separated to prevent a human bond between them, which would likely interfere with the ordering of harsh, strenuous work and even harsher punishments. Additionally, Douglass mentions the fact that slaves were to know as little of themselves as possible, in order to preserve them as property, born not to think or feel but to work. In the masters' eyes, this would have likely had slaves see the world as one to work on, and so that is exactly what they would do. Of course, slaves eventually did rebel against their masters and go to every length to de...

Hieronymus Bosch, Saint Christopher, and the Renaissance

  Saint Christopher Carrying the Christ Child Through a Sinful World (c. 1520) One huge component of Renaissance era painting and culture was religion (in most of Europe, Christianity in particular). And while I didn't manage to get any pieces pertaining to the English Renaissance per se , I did manage to find a painting by a follower of celebrated 14th-15th century Dutch painter, Hieronymus Bosch (c. 1450 - 1516), whose themes exhibited in his and his follower's works transcend many nations of the European Renaissance, including England. The European Renaissance is known for its Christian symbolism, certainly exhibited in many of Bosch and his follower's works, including arguably Bosch's most famous work, The Garden of Earthly Delights . These paintings, however, typically take the form of Christ's crucifixion or Saint Mary with the infant Christ, and are rarely so abstract as that with Bosch and his followers, with this particular painting showing Saint C...

Sound Devices in "We Real Cool"

THE POOL PLAYERS. SEVEN AT THE GOLDEN SHOVEL. We real cool. We Left school. We Lurk late. We Strike straight. We Sing sin. We Thin gin. We Jazz June. We Die soon. We Real Cool" is a great piece of literature. It doesn't take more than fifteen seconds to read, and yet I found it to be one of the most interesting poems I have come across, not only for its surprisingly deep meaning, but also for it's enjoyable and catchy use of sound devices. Some uses of sound devices in the poem are obvious. For example, the two sentences in each stanza (not counting the use of enjambment with the word "we", which, by the way, is an interesting visual choice) produce a couplet, as they rhyme. However, looking deeper into the poem, we start to see more hidden devices, such as the consecutive rhyme "we thin gin" and the fact that on the first and second lines of the second and and the first line of the fourth stanza, al...